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The Life of ChristEvent 35 / 50
Section 040 · Bread of Life & Withdrawal

Feeding the Five Thousand

After John’s death Jesus withdraws to a solitary place, but the crowds follow on foot; moved with compassion he teaches and heals them, and at evening feeds the whole multitude — five thousand men beside women and children — from five barley loaves and two small fishes, with twelve baskets left over. The only miracle told in all four Gospels, it moves the people to acclaim him “that prophet that should come into the world.”

Matt 14:13–21; Mark 6:30–44; Luke 9:10–17; John 6:1–145 of 5 accountsReading: CCE

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Study — reading text with parallel accounts; changes available.
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The reading is the Covenant Christian Edition — the Joseph Smith Translation reading — carried beside each Gospel and set against the King James baseline. Headers give both numbering systems: the CCE chapter and verse, and the traditional KJV reference.

JST
Green — Joseph Smith Translation. Where the Covenant Christian Edition departs in substance from the King James text and the change is in the JST (confirmed against the parallel-column edition). Modernized English (“has” for “hath,” “you” for “thou”) is not marked.
CCE
Burgundy — Covenant Christian Edition. Where the CCE’s reading departs from the King James but the change is not in the Joseph Smith Translation — the CCE’s own editorial reading (e.g. “this day I have begotten you” at the baptism).
DS
Plum — Testimony of St. John. The TSJ (a separate scripture text) and Denver Snuffer’s later commentary share the plum mark.
MatthewKJVMatthew 14:13–21CCEMatthew 8:3–4NT 1NT 2

13When Jesus heard that John was beheaded, he departed from there by ship into a solitary place, apart; and when the people had heard of him, they followed him on foot out of the cities. 14And Jesus went forth and saw a great multitude, and was moved with compassion toward them, and he healed their sick.

15And when it was evening, his disciples came to him, saying, This is a solitary place, and the time is now past. Send the multitude away, that they may go into the villages and buy themselves provisions. 16But Jesus said unto them, They need not depart. Give them to eat. 17And they say unto him, We have here but five loaves and two fishes. 18He said, Bring them here to me. 19And he commanded the multitude to sit down on the grass, and he took the five loaves and the two fishes and, looking up to Heaven, he blessed, and broke, and gave the loaves to the disciples, and the disciples to the multitude. 20And they did all eat and were filled. And they took up of the fragments that remained twelve baskets full. 21And they that had eaten were about five thousand men, besides women and children.

MarkKJVMark 6:30–44CCEMark 4:1–4NT 2

30Now the apostles gathered themselves together unto Jesus and told him all things, both what they had done and what they had taught. 31And he said unto them, You, come yourselves, apart into a solitary place, and rest awhile; for there were many coming and going, and they had no leisure, not so much as to eat.

32And they departed into a solitary place by ship, privately, 33and the people saw them departing; and many knew Jesus, and ran on foot there out of all cities, and outran them, and came together unto him. 34And Jesus, when he came out, saw many people and was moved with compassion towards them, because they were as sheep not having a shepherd. And he began to teach them many things.

35And when the day was now far spent, his disciples came unto him and said, This is a solitary place, and now the time for departure has come. 36Send them away, that they may go into the country round about and into the villages, and buy themselves bread, for they have nothing to eat. 37And he answered and said unto them, You give them to eat. And they say unto him, Shall we go and buy two hundred pennies worth of bread and give them to eat? 38He said unto them, How many loaves do you have? Go and see. And when they knew, they say, Five, and two fishes.

39And he commanded them to make all sit down by companies upon the green grass. 40And they sat down in ranks, by hundreds and by fifties. 41And when he had taken the five loaves and two fishes, he looked up to Heaven and blessed and broke the loaves, and gave to his disciples to set before the multitude. And the two fishes divided he among them all. 42And they did all eat and were filled. 43And they took up twelve baskets full of the fragments and of the fishes. 44And they that did eat of the loaves were about five thousand men.

LukeKJVLuke 9:10–17CCELuke 7:3NT 2

10And the apostles, when they were returned, told him all that they had done. And he took them and went aside privately into a solitary place belonging to the city called Bethsaida. 11And the people, when they knew it, followed him. And he received them and spoke unto them of the kingdom of God, and healed them who had need of healing. 12And when the day began to wear away, then came the twelve and said unto him, Send the multitude away, that they may go into the towns and country round about, and lodge and get provisions, for we are here in a solitary place. 13But he said unto them, Give them to eat. And they said, We have but five loaves and two fishes, and except we should go and buy food, we can provide no more food for all this multitude 14(for they were in number about five thousand men). And Jesus said unto his disciples, Make them sit down by fifties in a company. 15And they did so and made them all sit down. 16Then he took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking up to Heaven he blessed them, and broke, and gave to the disciples to set before the multitude. 17And they did eat and were all filled. And there were taken up of fragments which remained, twelve baskets.

JohnKJVJohn 6:1–14CCEJohn 5:9–10NT 2

1After these things, Jesus went over the Sea of Galilee, which is the Sea of Tiberias. 2And a great multitude followed him because they saw his miracles which he did on them that were diseased. 3And Jesus went up into a mountain and there he sat with his disciples. 4And the Passover, a feast of the Jews, was near. 5When Jesus then lifted up his eyes and saw a great company come unto him, he said unto Philip, Where shall we buy bread that these may eat? 6And this he said to prove him, for he himself knew what he would do. 7Philip answered him, Two hundred pennies worth of bread is not sufficient for them, that every one of them may take a little.

8One of his disciples, Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother, says unto him, 9There is a lad here who has five barley loaves and two small fishes, but what are they among so many? 10And Jesus said, Make the men sit down. Now there was much grass in the place, so the men sat down, in number about five thousand. 11And Jesus took the loaves, and when he had given thanks, he distributed to the disciples, and the disciples to them that were seated, and likewise of the fishes, as much as they desired. 12When they had eaten and were satisfied, he said unto his disciples, Gather up the fragments that remain, that nothing should be lost. 13Therefore, they gathered them together and filled twelve baskets with the fragments of the five barley loaves which remained over and above unto them that had eaten. 14Then those men, when they had seen the miracle that Jesus did, said, This is truly that prophet that should come into the world.

Testimony of St. JohnJohn 6:1–14TSJT&C 171 · TSJ 5:11

1After these events, Jesus went over the Sea of Galilee, which was renamed the Sea of Tiberias. 2And a large group followed him because they saw his miracles healing the injured and diseased. 3Jesus climbed up a mountain and there he taught his companions. 4And the feast was approaching. 5When Jesus noticed the throng approaching them, he asked Philip, Where can we buy bread to feed these approaching people? 6He asked Philip the question, but already planned what he was going to do. 7Philip answered him, Two hundred days’ wages would not buy enough bread to even give each of them a little. 8Another companion, Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother, said to him, 9There is a boy with us who has five barley loaves and two dried salted fish, which is obviously not enough to feed this crowd. 10Jesus said, Have the people sit down on the plentiful grass. About five thousand were seated. 11Jesus stood and looked up to Heaven, holding up the barley loaves. While blessing the loaves, he thanked his Father. Then he distributed food to his companions, and then passed through the multitude and gave to each of them their fill of barley bread and salted fish. 12When the multitude were filled, Jesus asked his disciples, Gather every thing that remains uneaten so nothing is wasted. 13When it had all been gathered, the remainder filled twelve baskets, many times what had started with, five barley loaves and two fish. 14Then some of the multitude fed by this miracle testified, This is surely fulfillment of the sign of the Messiah, God’s King and Priest, who will restore Israel as a nation!

Hugh Nibley

The Free Lunch — Acknowledging the Hand of the Giver

Nibley reads the feeding the way the people did — not as a magic trick to satisfy hunger but as a sign that lays the giver bare: here, unmistakably, is where it all comes from, and it can never fail. He sets the loaves beside the manna, the daily bread we are told to pray for.

Approaching ZionCollected Works of Hugh Nibley, Vol. 9 — “Feeding the Multitudes”
The Lord gave lunch to the people in the first place simply because they were hungry, they needed it, and he “was moved with compassion” (Matthew 14:14, 15:32). He both fed them and taught them, but the knowledge was worth far more than the food — he told them not to labor for that (John 6:27). When he miraculously produced the lunch, they wanted to accept him as their prophet and king (John 6:14–15)… What thrilled them was seeing clearly and unmistakably the hand of the giver, and knowing for themselves exactly where it all comes from and that it can never fail.
Approaching ZionCollected Works of Hugh Nibley, Vol. 9 — “King Benjamin and the Free Lunch”
Before the loaves and fishes there was the manna. The manna was a gift from heaven, yet some shrewd and far-sighted Israelites tried to show their appreciation by going into business. And the manna rotted before the day was over (Exodus 16:15–21)… The miracle of the loaves and fishes was also the miracle of our daily bread, for which the Lord has told us to pray to him.

Ellipses mark omissions within Nibley’s own text.

Margaret Barker · the temple lens

Twelve Loaves of the Presence; the Manna Restored

For Barker the twelve baskets are no accident: in the temple, twelve loaves of the bread of the Presence were set out each Sabbath as “most holy” food, and the manna hidden away in Josiah’s day was to be restored in the time of the Messiah — both standing behind the bread Jesus multiplies.

Our Great High PriestMargaret Barker · BYU Studies 42, nos. 3–4 (2003)
Twelve huge loaves were set out with frankincense, and the Greek text says there was salt. The high priests… had to put fresh loaves into the temple each Sabbath, and then eat the ones they brought out. This was described as their “most holy” food, which means it imparted holiness, and it was also an eternal covenant.
The Holy Anointing Oil© Margaret Barker, 2009
The manna disappeared… All, they said, would be restored in the time of the Messiah.

OCR spacing in Barker’s scanned text has been silently normalized; wording is unchanged.

Points to Ponder
  • Five loaves feed five thousand, and twelve baskets are left over — there is more at the end than there was at the start. What does the surplus reveal about the One who gives?
  • The disciples see only the arithmetic — “two hundred pennyworth is not sufficient” — and want to send the people away; Jesus says, “Give ye them to eat.” What does he teach them by making them serve what they cannot supply?
  • The crowd rightly names him “that prophet that should come,” and then (in the very next scene) tries to take him by force to make him king. How does a true confession curdle into a wrong demand?